March 28, 2025
The triangulation of ethical leader signals using qualitative, experimental, and data science methods
Ethical leadership is arguably-one of the most critical forms of leadership for individual stakeholders as well as society at large, as has been demonstrated by recent events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the social justice movement. Other events highlight the need for ethical leadership, such as corporate and political scandals as well as recognition that businesses should promote the welfare of stakeholders beyond shareholders (Freeman, 2019). Ethical leadership characterizes the extent to which leaders engage in normatively appropriate conduct and promote the wellbeing of stakeholders (Brown et al., 2005). Yet, while a great deal of conceptual (Kleshinski et al.,