Introduction: The quest for reliable qubits Quantum computing faces a fundamental challenge: qubits, the basic units of quantum information, are notoriously fragile. Conventional approaches, such as superconducting circuits and trapped ions, require intricate error-correction techniques to counteract decoherence. Microsoft has pursued an alternative path: Majorana-based topological qubits, which promise inherent noise resistance due to their non-local encoding of quantum information. This idea, based on theoretical work from the late 1990s, suggests that quantum states encoded in Majorana zero modes (MZMs) could be immune to local noise, reducing the need for extensive error correction. Microsoft has invested two decades into developing